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© Elke Wetzig · CC BY-SA 4.0

Siedlung Volkspark

Uniformly planned villa estate in Cologne's green belt, built 1949–1951 for occupying forces and protected as a whole since 1995.

Right down to details like open fireplaces, the British occupiers dictated not just the overall layout but the very fittings of the houses.

At a Glance

Type
Residential estate, also known as the English Settlement
Location
Raderthal, Rodenkirchen district, in Cologne's outer green belt
Construction
1949–1951
Heritage status
Protected as an ensemble since 1995, a listed building in North Rhine-Westphalia
Distinctive feature
A cohesive architectural character resulting from unified planning and simultaneous construction, considered unique of its kind
Did you know?

In 1949, the housing units in the settlement cost an average of 100,000 DM each – ten times the cost of typical social housing at the time.

History

From June 1945, British and Belgian occupying forces and their arriving families lived in Cologne, initially housed in requisitioned properties in largely undamaged outlying areas such as Marienburg and Junkersdorf. The estate itself arose from two building programmes, the JOINT Program (1949/50) and the ZECO Program (1950/51). State and city authorities, the Arbeitsgemeinschaft Besatzungsbauten Köln, and the GAG Köln were all involved, with various Cologne architects contributing standardised designs. In 1949, construction costs averaged 100,000 DM per housing unit—ten times the cost of contemporary social housing.

© Heinz Reutersberg · CC BY-SA 4.0

Buildings and Architecture

The estate comprises 147 single-family houses—freestanding villas as well as terraced and linked houses—mostly two-storey, rendered, and topped with pitched roofs. Officers resided at the centre, non-commissioned officers on the periphery. Despite the overall uniformity, the individual house types retain their own character, notably those designed by Schaller with their distinctly "light" architectural style. The eastern edge is marked by four three-storey terrace blocks with 12 flats each, a seven-storey tower block with 73 flats, and the "All Saints" church. Designed by Wilhelm Riphahn, the tower block avoids rigidity thanks to its west-facing open façade and won the Cologne Architecture Prize in 1967.

© Heinz Reutersberg · CC BY-SA 4.0

Urban Planning Significance

The estate is regarded as an example of a suburban villa settlement whose cohesive built form—arising from unified planning and simultaneous construction—is considered unique. At the same time, it documents a broad spectrum of 1950s architecture. Its urban design is still held in high esteem today; the abundance of public and private greenery, together with its position within the green belt, exceeds what is typical for a villa quarter.

© Heinz Reutersberg · CC BY-SA 4.0

Location and Greenery

The estate is bounded to the south by Militärringstraße, to the west by Brühler Straße, and to the north by Urfelder Straße, with the rest of Raderthal and green spaces adjoining to the east. Bonner Straße and Brühler Straße connect it to the city centre. Winding streets and footpaths run through the area, while broad front gardens with hedges shield the houses from the road. The former WERAG (later WDR) transmission building, built as early as 1927, was incorporated into the estate. The western part of the Volkspark, laid out in the 1920s, was built over with single-family houses, once interspersed with a NAAFI shop that has since disappeared; further housing units and the church adjoin to the east. The remaining park was restored from 2001 and renamed Fritz-Encke-Volkspark in 2002, honouring the creator of many of Cologne's green and sports spaces.

© Heinz Reutersberg · CC BY-SA 4.0

Today

Most of the single-family houses are now privately owned. The tower block and terrace buildings, however, remain federal property, represented by the Bundesanstalt für Immobilienaufgaben.

© Heinz Reutersberg · CC BY-SA 4.0

Timeline

  1. 1927
    WERAG broadcasting house built, later integrated into the settlement
  2. 1949–1951
    Construction of the Volkspark settlement
  3. Juni 1945
    Start of British/Belgian occupation of Cologne, housing requisitioned
  4. 1949/50
    JOINT Program for uniform reconstruction of the settlement
  5. 1950/51
    Subsequent ZECO Program for development
  6. 1949
    Average construction costs of 100,000 DM per housing unit
  7. 1967
    Riphahn's residential tower awarded Cologne Architecture Prize
  8. 1995
    Volkspark settlement placed under heritage protection

Gallery

© Heinz Reutersberg · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Commons
© Heinz Reutersberg · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Commons
© Heinz Reutersberg · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Commons
© Heinz Reutersberg · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Commons
© Heinz Reutersberg · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Commons
© Heinz Reutersberg · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Commons

Map

Blue dots: other places nearby — tap to explore.

You might also like — related or nearby

Volkspark Raderthal

Laid out by Fritz Encke from 1922, this listed park features a natural theatre, reading garden and dance lawn — a landmark of social green space in Cologne's south.

1.3 kmBenedictine Convent of Cologne© Chris06 · CC0

Benedictine Convent of Cologne

Active convent of the Benedictine Sisters of the Most Holy Sacrament in Cologne-Raderberg, founded in 1890 and still home to a community of nuns today.

Funkhaus Köln (Deutschlandfunk Tower)

since 1978

The 102-metre Funkhaus Köln in the Raderthal district has housed the studios and editorial offices of Deutschlandfunk since 1979. Listed as a protected monument since 2024, the tower with its unusual suspended structure can be explored on regular public guided tours.

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