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© A.Savin · CC BY-SA 3.0

Leaning Tower of Cologne (St. Johann Baptist)

In 2004, its 44 m tower tilted 77 cm westward — earning the church the nickname 'Leaning Tower of Cologne' and making international headlines.

Hidden gem Indoor

St. Johann Baptist is a Roman Catholic church on Severinstraße in Cologne's Altstadt-Süd district. First mentioned in 948, it has been documented as a parish church since 1080.

At a Glance

Type
Roman Catholic church in basilica style
Tower height
44 metres
Known as
"Leaning Tower of Cologne" (2004)
Rebuilt
1960–1962 with a brick west tower
Current use
Youth pastoral centre CRUX of the Archdiocese of Cologne
Listed
Protected monument in North Rhine-Westphalia
Named after
John the Baptist
Did you know?

On 29 September 2004, the 44-metre church tower suddenly tilted 77 centimetres to the west overnight – triggered by tunnelling for the North-South city railway just 14 metres below – and was later straightened back using hydraulic presses in controlled 10-millimetre increments, with the Cologne public transport authority's insurer footing the roughly one-million-euro bill.

The Leaning Tower of Cologne

On 29 September 2004, the church tower tilted 77 centimetres westward after a utility tunnel for the under-construction North–South City Railway had been driven through 14 metres below the church the previous day. To prevent collapse, the tower was braced externally with six steel beams and the cavities beneath filled with concrete. An expert report concluded the tower could have remained in its tilted state, but the church council decided to have it straightened. Originally planned before World Youth Day and the papal visit in August 2005, the restoration was finally completed on 26 October 2005: the west side was raised 13.5 centimetres using hydraulic presses in controlled 10-millimetre increments. The work cost around one million euros, covered by the insurer of Cologne's public transport operator KVB.

© Maximilian Schönherr · CC BY-SA 4.0

History and Construction

The church is one of Cologne's oldest. Until secularisation, the Teutonic Order church of St Katharina (1219) stood along its southern side. Between 1943 and 1945, St. Johann Baptist was almost completely destroyed — the tower lost entirely, the choir reduced to its foundations — though the nave and part of the aisles survived. A new building from 1960–1962 incorporated the surviving nave and added a brick west tower.

© CEphoto, Uwe Aranas · CC BY-SA 3.0

Interior

The furnishings include a seated Madonna from around 1320, a reliquary shrine of Saint Antonina from the late 14th century, a brass baptismal font from 1566, and bronze eagle lecterns (1629/1723). The ornamental stained glass was created by Willi Strauß in 1963. Of the four pre-war bells, only the large bell "Antonina" — cast in 1400 by Johannes Duisterwalt and now in private ownership — survived. Since 1962, six new bells cast by the foundry Feldmann & Marschel in Münster have hung in the tower, tuned to match the peal of St. Severin.

© Raimond Spekking · CC BY-SA 4.0

Today

The church belongs to the parish of St. Severin and is supported by the Förderverein Romanische Kirchen Köln. After extensive renovations, it was reopened on 28 June 2009, with auxiliary bishop Melzer consecrating the new altar. It now operates as the CRUX-Kirche St. Johann Baptist — the centrepiece of the Archdiocese of Cologne's CRUX youth pastoral centre — and houses a separate church café.

© Glockenzeit · CC BY-SA 4.0

Timeline

  1. 948
    Church of St. Johann Baptist first documented
  2. 1080
    Documented as a parish church
  3. 1943–1945
    Church almost entirely destroyed; tower and choir annihilated
  4. 1960–1962
    Reconstruction completed with new brick west tower
  5. 29. September 2004
    Tower tilts 77 cm westward due to metro construction
  6. 4. Oktober 2004
    Severinsbrücke reopened to traffic after safety closure
  7. 26. Oktober 2005
    Tower straightened by 13.5 cm using hydraulic presses
  8. 28. Juni 2009
    Reopened after renovation as CRUX youth pastoral centre

Gallery

© Fritz Zapp · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Commons
© Mercator · Public domain · Commons

Map

Blue dots: other places nearby — tap to explore.

Address

Severinstraße 182
50678 Köln

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Auto-generated, last verified: 2026-06-27